Sami Publishing CompanyAdvanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A2645-77686120230101Production of Methyl Ester from Used Cottonseed Oil Optimized Using Box Behnken Design Approach11615960310.22034/ajca.2023.359977.1327ENAbdullateef JimohDepartment of Chemistry, Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa, Kogi State, Nigeria0000-0002-3240-9682Edith BolanleAgbajiDepartment of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, NigeriaVictor OlatunjiAjibolaDepartment of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, NigeriaSani UbaDepartment of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, NigeriaJournal Article20220903Worldwide interest in biofuels, such as biodiesel and biogas as alternatives to fossil fuels, is growing. The transesterification method is usually applied in the production processes of biodiesel because of its numerous advantages. The viscosity of the oil sample was decreased by utilizing this technique. The production procedure of methyl ester is determined by the amount of free fatty acids (FFA) in the sample. The titration technique was employed to evaluate this for the crude cottonseed oil (CCSO) and used cottonseed oil (UCSO), with the following results: 0.56 % and 1.26 %. Heterogeneous alkali (calcined commercial CaO) catalyzed transesterification was used to convert UCSO into used cottonseed oil methyl ester (UCSOME). It involves the reaction of methanol with UCSO in the presence of the catalysts. Some of the reaction parameters that control the transesterification process were; the methanol-oil ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst concentration. The aforementioned parameters were optimized through the response surface approach; Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The response surface yield has been plotted graphically as part of the various parameters that improve biodiesel yield. An optimized UCSOME yield of 93.60 % was obtained at a 1:10 molar ratio, 2.5 wt.% catalyst concentration, 80-min reaction time, and 60 °C reaction temperature. 94.50 % was the experimental yield obtained based on these parameters, which shows that the response surface methodology is a successful technique for optimizing the yield. The purity of the methyl ester was determined using GC-MS and FTIR.http://www.ajchem-a.com/article_159603_29d5afb05e8d5e0207f511d8179c92d3.pdfSami Publishing CompanyAdvanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A2645-77686120230101(S)-N-(4-Carbamoylphenyl)-8-Cyclopropyl-7-(Naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-5-Oxo-2,3-Dihydro-5H-Thiazolo[3,2-a]Pyridine-3-Carboxamide, A Better Inhibitor of SARS-Cov-2 Spike Glycoprotein Than Some Standard Drugs: A Computational Prediction173016070310.22034/ajca.2023.362410.1333ENEmmanuel IsraelEdacheDepartment of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria0000-0002-5485-0583Adamu UzairuDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B.1044, Zaria, Kaduna State, NigeriaPaul AndrewMamzaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B.1044, Zaria, Kaduna State, NigeriaGideon AdamuShallangwaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B.1044, Zaria, Kaduna State, NigeriaJournal Article20220920The appearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) is at its peak; with the growing number of people infected with COVID-19, there is an urgent need to find effective treatments for this outbreak. The current situation appears to call for drug repurposing. In our hunt for a viable medication against this virus, we used an in-silico strategy to test four conventional medicines, including Ritonavir and Hydroxychloroquine, against the spike glycoprotein of COVID-19. A docking simulation was performed to assess the drug's binding affinity. We discovered a single medication compound 36 against SARS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein. The compound was found to have a strong binding affinity against the target protein. The chemical was discovered to have a high affinity for the target protein. Furthermore, no conventional medicines efficiently bonded to the SARS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein. The current investigation concluded that the compound 36 is a highly stable anti-SARS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein medication. Furthermore, none of the standard drugs had a high affinity for the SARS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein binding site. http://www.ajchem-a.com/article_160703_d99f4d1ac272a5484fac190d6034c913.pdfSami Publishing CompanyAdvanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A2645-77686120230101Perspective on Metal-Ligand Coordination Complexes and Improvement of Current Drugs for Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDDs)314916100210.22034/ajca.2023.363929.1334ENMohd YusufDepartment of Natural and Applied Sciences, School of Science and Technology, The Glocal University, MirzapurPole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh 247121, India0000-0003-0927-8490Udeep ChawlaInnovation and Incubation Centre for Entrepreneurship (IICE), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 066, IndiaNizamul HaqueAnsariDepartment of Physical Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab 144030, IndiaMunesh SharmaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, J.V. College, CCS University, Baraut, Baghpat, U.P.250 611, IndiaMohammad AsifSchool of Pharmacy, The Glocal University, MirzapurPole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh 247121, India0000-0002-9352-3462Journal Article20220929Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) associated with the steady loss of neural functionality by the action of irreversible damage or death of neurons are one the most serious diseases amongst human beings. The most common NDDs are including Alzheimer’s disease, Prion protein disease, and Parkinson’s disorder. Several coordination complexes are effective in the treatment of NDDs. In the present scenario, computational methods opened a new vista for novel drugs with theoretically improved overall effectiveness. This review highlights the current trends of computational designs of coordination complexes in developing new drug discovery options and their potential to treat different neurodegenerative diseases with up-to-date R&D exploration with future perspectives.http://www.ajchem-a.com/article_161002_ef6c7330a3d72673bb48198564922be7.pdfSami Publishing CompanyAdvanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A2645-77686120230101A 2-D QSAR Modeling, Molecular Docking Study and Design of 2-Arylbenzimidazole Derivatives as Novel Leishmania Inhibitors: A Molecular Dynamics Study506416189710.22034/ajca.2023.365873.1337ENFabian AuduUgbeDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B.1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria0000-0001-7052-4959Gideon AdamuShallangwaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B.1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria0000-0002-0700-9898Adamu UzairuDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B.1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria0000-0002-6973-6361Ibrahim AbdulkadirDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, P.M.B.1045, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria0000-0002-4025-1889Journal Article20221016Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, affects a human population of over 12 million people, mainly in the tropics, and is caused by the leishmanial parasites transmitted by the female sand fly. The lack of vaccines to prevent leishmaniasis, and the limitations of existing therapies necessitated this study, which was focused on the computational design of some novel 2-arylbenzimidazole analogs while subjecting the same to molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, and Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation to ascertain their drug-ability. The obtained QSAR model was validated as follows: R<sup>2</sup> = 0.8447, R<sup>2</sup><sub>adj</sub> = 0.8095, Q<sup>2</sup><sub>cv</sub> = 0.6799, and R<sup>2</sup><sub>test</sub> = 0.7383. The predicted pIC<sub>50</sub> values of all newly designed compounds were higher than that of the lead compound (<strong>13</strong>). The newly designed analogs conformed to Lipinski's rule for oral bio-availability less <strong>13m</strong>, and showed good ADMET properties, with <strong>13j</strong> showing the highest Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA) of 93.64%. The MD simulation result demonstrated excellent stability associated with the binding of <strong>13j</strong> onto 6K91's binding pocket with an estimated ∆G binding (MM/GBSA) of -50.4031 kcal/mol than that of 13_6K91 (∆G binding = -25.9665 kcal/mol). Therefore, <strong>13j</strong> could be recommended as a potential drug molecule for treating leishmanial infections. http://www.ajchem-a.com/article_161897_2e3b570251d7d71ec8792f8c336acfba.pdfSami Publishing CompanyAdvanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A2645-77686120230101Microbial Iron Chelators: A Possible Adjuncts for Therapeutic Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 like Viruses657016248210.22034/ajca.2023.365582.1335ENSwapnil MahajanDivision of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, Maharashtra, India0000-0001-9518-6239Muntjeeb SyedDivision of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, Maharashtra, India0000-0001-9116-4374Shridhar ChouguleDepartment of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune-411007, Maharashtra, India0000-0002-9020-647XJournal Article20221013There is a need for targeted, effective antiviral therapeutic treatment for the global threat of COVID-19, like viral pandemics. Our efforts in this direction present the in-silico testing of a hypothesis through molecular docking. We have demonstrated the possibility of a microbial siderophore desferrioxamine-E produced by <em>Pseudomonas stutzeri</em> SGM-1 for effective drug targeting and drug development against SARS-CoV-2, like viruses. Iron homeostasis and COVID-19 have a close relationship. An iron chelator desferrioxamine-E binding with the SARS-CoV-2 virus can inhibit the viral RNA binding and packaging into the new virions inside the host cell. The well-known efficacy of iron chelation and RNA binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid interaction of desferrioxamine-E studied through molecular docking has promising potential for exploring microbial iron chelators as adjuncts for in-silico clinical trials and randomized clinical trials.http://www.ajchem-a.com/article_162482_0e4d2b44dc1cc6994f174fc72a46eeb4.pdfSami Publishing CompanyAdvanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A2645-77686120230101Quinazoline Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors on Aluminium Metal Surface: A Theoretical Study718416313810.22034/ajca.2023.370123.1347ENFater IorhunaDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria0000-0002-1018-198XAbdulfatah ShehuMuhammadDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria0000-0002-4191-2749Muhammad AbdullahiAyubaDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria0000-0002-2295-8282Journal Article20221113Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulation techniques were used to assess the corrosion inhibition potential of the compound qiunazoline (QZN) and two of its derivatives, 6-chloro-4-imino-3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-1H qiunazoline-2-thione (QZT) and 6-chloro-4-imino-3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-1H qiunazoline-2-one (QZO). The values of the quantum chemical parameters E<sub>HOMO</sub>, E<sub>LUMO</sub>, energy gap (∆E), the energy of back donation (∆E<sub>b-d</sub>), dipole moment (μ), electronegativity (χ), global hardness (η), global electrophilicity index (ω), nucleophilicity (ε) and others were determined. The quantum chemical parameters calculated revealed that QZO is relatively more nucleophilic in nature and potentially a better inhibitor. The Fukui indices values discovered that the hetero atoms (N, O and S) of the studied compounds are responsible for their inhibitive characteristics. According to the calculated binding and adsorption energies obtained from the quenched molecular dynamic simulations, the relatively low values obtained of less than 100 kcal/mol results in the molecules being weakly adsorbed onto the surface of Al(1 1 0) through van der Waals forces and consequently obey the physical adsorption mechanism in the order: QZO>QZT> QZN. The examined molecules' varied bond lengths and angles before and after adsorption on the Al(1 1 0) surface demonstrate the nature of adsorption and the molecules' non-planarity on the surface of the metal. QZO and QZT have larger molecular sizes and additional hetero atoms (O and S), making them possibly more corrosion-inhibitive on Al(1 1 0) surfaces than QZN.http://www.ajchem-a.com/article_163138_4d9fa3c0a8370707bdd1bf4dfe65c256.pdfSami Publishing CompanyAdvanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A2645-77686120230101Treatment of Tire Industry Wastewater through Adsorption Process using Waste Tire Rubber859116347410.22034/ajca.2023.375192.1349ENMajid Safajou-JahankhanemlouDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran0000-0003-1109-4084Fahimeh HooriabadSaboorDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran0000-0001-7729-0673Fatemeh EsmailzadehWater Laboratory, Artawheel Tire Industrial Complex Co., Ardabil, IranJournal Article20221202Attempts to use waster rubber powder as an adsorbent of pollutants in wastewater treatment applications is an environmentally friendly, efficient and novel method, especially in the tire industry wastewater treatment process. This study evaluated the efficiency of waste tire rubber powder in adsorbing the tire industry wastewater. The rubber and The wastewater were prepared from Kavir Qom Co. and Artawheel Tire Co., respectively. Comparison of UV-vis spectrophotometer results of the nontreated wastewater with the wastewater data after adsorption under various thermal and temporal conditions indicated that the tire powder adsorbent has the necessary efficiency for treating the tire industry wastewater. Examination of data with pseudo-first- and second-order kinetic models also confirmed the adsorbent’s efficiency and showed that the second-order kinetic model had a good correspondence with the obtained results.http://www.ajchem-a.com/article_163474_7029d2651ed5399ac7d3a50b6f6b686b.pdf